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Henry Chadwick (1834 – April 20, 1908) was an English-born American sportswriter, baseball statistician and historian, often called the "father of baseball" for his early reporting on and contributions to the development of the game. He edited the first baseball guide that was sold to the public. He is credited with creating box scores, as well as creating the abbreviation "K" that designates a strikeout. He is said to have created the statistics of batting average and earned run average (ERA). He was posthumously inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame. ==Early life== Chadwick was born in Exeter, England. His grandfather, Andrew Chadwick, had been a close friend of theologian John Wesley.〔Schiff, p. 24.〕 His father, James Chadwick, was a supporter of the French Revolution who also tutored John Dalton in music and botany.〔Schiff, p. 25.〕 James Chadwick had served as editor of a publication known as the ''Western Times''. Edwin Chadwick's mother had made James Chadwick a widower shortly after Edwin's birth. Chadwick was the younger half brother of Sir Edwin Chadwick, England's sanitary philosopher who developed environmental measures and laws designed to counteract the effects of the Industrial Revolution.〔Schiff, pp. 27–29.〕 Chadwick moved to Brooklyn with his family at the age of 12. Biographer Andrew Schiff writes that Henry Chadwick "was not brought up to value possessions or with an understanding of commerce and trade; rather he received an education that was drenched in moral philosophy and science."〔Schiff, p. 26.〕 He began to write music and to teach piano and guitar. In 1848, Chadwick married Jane Botts from Richmond, Virginia. Botts' father Alexander had been president of the Virginia State Council. She was also related to politician John Botts. Chadwick edited John Botts' work titled ''The Great Rebellion''. Chadwick and his wife had one child, Richard Westlake Chadwick, in 1851. Chadwick became a frequent player of cricket and similar ball games such as rounders. He began covering cricket for numerous local newspapers such as the ''Long Island Star''. He first came across organized baseball in 1856 as a cricket reporter for ''The New York Times''; he watched a match between New York's Eagles and Gothams.〔 In 1857 he focused his attention as a journalist and writer on baseball after joining the ''New York Clipper'', and was also soon hired on to provide coverage for other New York papers including the ''Sunday Mercury''.〔Spink, Alfred Henry. (The national game ), p. 356 (1911)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henry Chadwick (writer)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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